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Guizhou JL-9
The Guizhou JL-9, also known as the FTC-2000 Mountain Eagle (''Shanying''), is a two-seat fighter-trainer developed by the Guizhou Aviation Industry Import/Export Company (GAIEC) for the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) and the People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force (PLANAF).
== Development ==
The GAIEC first revealed its intention to develop a new generation of fighter-trainer to replace its own JJ-7 fighter-trainer at the 2001 China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition to meet new PLAAF trainer requirements to prepare pilots for China's newest generation of fighter aircraft such as the Chengdu J-10 and Sukhoi-derived aircraft, such as the Sukhoi Su-27SK, Sukhoi Su-30MKK and Shenyang J-11. The 'FTC-2000' designation indicates an interest in exporting the JL-9 to the international market, likely to countries already operating Guizhou's FT-7 (the export designation for the JJ-7) fighter-trainers. In order to reduce both the development time and development costs of designing an entirely new aircraft, it was decided that the aircraft would be based on the existing Guizhou JJ-7, which itself is based on the Soviet MiG-21U (NATO reporting name "Mongol") fighter-trainer. The JL-9 made its maiden flight on December 13, 2003, only two years after the start of the project, making it the shortest development time for an aircraft in Chinese aviation history, while successfully keeping costs down. In June 2005, Chinese newspapers stated that the JL-9 would be part of the People's Liberation Army's eleventh five-year procurement plan. In 2006, Guizhou reported that five production aircraft have been accepted into PLAAF service.〔("JL-9 (FTC-2000) Advanced Jet Trainer" ). Sinodefence.com, 2 May 2008.〕〔("JL-9 / FTC-2000" ). Globalsecurity.org, 17 December 2006.〕 Trials continued on the JL-9, and in 2006 an improved JL-9 with a stability control augmentation system and microwave landing system were tested. In September 2009, the JL-9 passed all technology certification tests, which enabled the aircraft to enter series production for both PLAAF and PLANAF.〔("JL-9 / FTC-2000" ). AirForceworld.com, 15 October 2009.〕
On June 10, 2011, images of the PLANAF version of the JL-9 were revealed for the first time on Chinese state television. The naval version of the JL-9 for advanced carrier training is similar to the PLAAF version, with the exception of four modifications for advanced carrier training: (1) the twin lower nose lateral air intakes were replaced with two smaller mid-air intakes mounted above the front of the main wing to prevent engine stalls when making carrier landing approaches at high angles of attack; (2) for better control at lower landing speeds, the vertical tail surface was redesigned and enlarged; (3) a larger leading-edge extension on the inner section of the main wing was added to enable a low landing speed when landing on a carrier; and (4) the two rear fins (needed only for supersonic stability) were deleted so that a tailhook could be fitted instead.〔note - Although, while not stated in first reports, any carrier aircraft requires a strengthened main gear unit for carrier landings, and those using ski-ramps for takeoffs require a more robust nose gear unit with a longer vertical stroke.〕 When the PLANAF first revealed their naval version of the JL-9, the first reports in aerospace publications stated that its designation was JL-9H, but later it was revealed that official designation was instead JL-9G.〔''NEWS - Asia & Australasia'', Air International, August 2011, p. 16.〕〔''COVERT AFFAIR'' A. Mladenov, Air International, March 2013, p. 93〕
An attack variant with seven hardpoints dubbed the FTC-2000G is under development.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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